Hidhma or Hikka (Hiccup)
Introduction
This disease has been given this name because the sound produced during
this ailment is 'hic'. The causes, pre-symptoms, number of hidhma
(hiccup) are the same as those of shwasa.
The ailment of hikka has been classified in the following
categories:
- Annaja Hidhma
- Kshudra Hidhma
- Yamala Hidhma
- Mahati Hidhma
- Gambhira Hidhma
Roopa (clinical features)
- Annaja Hikka
Hiccups are produced by the consumption of foods and drinks that
are tough, improper, dry and penetrating. All these types of food
items aggravate Maruta (vata) that hiccups that are painless. If the
hiccups are followed by sneezing and subsiding with the use of
accustomed foods & drinks it is known as Annaja Hikka (hiccup
produced by unaccustomed food).
- Kshudra Hikka
The Hiccups starting from the root base of shoulders with mild and
soft bouts caused due to increased exertion that consequently
increases pavana (vata) produces Kshudra (minor).
- Yamala Hikka
As it comes in pairs, with force (vega) and during parinamkala
(digestion) of food it is called vegini and parinamvati Hikka that
commences after taking food & increases during period of
digestion, coming up in pairs, causing tremors of head & neck,
flatulence severe thirst, irrelevant talk, vomiting, diarrhea,
unsteady eyes, & yawning.
- Maha Hikka
This hikka arises from deep inside with great sound & forceful
bouts. This hikka is manifested with rigidity (loss of movements) of
the brows, eyes are red & full of tears, loss of movements of
the body, speech, memory & general awareness, obstructing the
passage of food, producing a feeling as though vital organs are
being hit, bending of the body backwards, and emaciation.
- Gambhira Hikka
This starts from either pakvashaya (large intestine) or nabhi
(umbilicus) and has similar features as Maha Hikka like more yawning
and a vibrating sound (of hiccup).
Treatment
- Snehan- Svedana (Oleation and Sudation)
- Hidhma patients should have administered Sweda (Sudation)
after anointing the body with oil mixed with salt. After
sudation, the patient should be made to eat rice, dadhi (curds).
Then, a mild emesis therapy should be given, especially for
those who have cough, vomiting, catching pain in the region of
the heart and diminution of voice, by using Pippali, Saindhava
and honey, which is not opposed to Vata (which does not
aggravate vata). Following method must be a purgative drug mixed
with saindhava and any sour fruit followed by warm water should
be administered to produce purgation. It is beneficial to clear
the passage by administration of purifactory therapy of both the
upper and lower parts of the body.
If by the above treatment the disease does not subside the
Kapha dosha leaves of haridra, root of eranda, laksha,
manashila, devadaru, ela, and mansi, are made into a paste and a
cigarette prepared. It should be lubricated with ghee and
smoked. Or smoke of yava mixed with ghee, or smoke of
madhucchista, sarjarasa and mixed with ghee; or smoke of aguru
or of chandana or of guggulu, of manohva or of resin of sala,
sallaki, guggulu, aguru or padmaka-each one lubricated with
ghee.
Swedana (sudation therapy) is essential for those who are fit
for it and even those who are unfit, should be given sudation
for a moment (short duration) either by pouring warm milk mixed
with sugar, or oil; or by utkarika and upanaha (warm poultices)
especially over the chest and throat.
- A mud pot smeared inside with ghee coated (inside) with the paste
of pippli, pippalimula, pathya, jantughna and chitraka. After the
paste dries up; the pot is filled with takra (buttermilk) and kept
undisturbed for a month; this is carminative and cures dyspnoea,
hidhma and cough.
- Jivanti, musta, surasa, tvak, eladvaya, pushkara, tamalaki, aguru
bharangi, nagara, karkata, shathi, krishna, nagakeshara, are made
into nice powder and mixed with sugar, double its quantity are used
as when desired. It cures pain in the flanks, fever and cough and
best to relieve hiccup and dyspnoea. Cough, dyspnoea, constipation,
vomiting and hiccup should be treated with therapies indicated for
one another.
Decoction
- Dashamula
- Shathi
- Raasana
- Bharangi
- Bilva
- Riddhi
- Pushkara
- Tamalaki
- Amruta
- Ausadha (nagara)
Commonly Used Drugs
- Churna
- Shatayadi Churna- Bhaisajya- Ratnavali
- Haridradi Churna- Bhaisajya Ratnavali
- Shrungyadi Churna- Bhaisajya Ratnavali
- Lauha
- Pippaladya Lauha- Bhaishajya Ratnavali
- Rasa Kalpa
- Shwasa Kuthar- Bhaishajya Ratnavali
- Shwas Kaasa Chintamani Rasa- Bhaishajya Ratnavali
- Swarna vasant Malati- Bhaishajya Ratnavali
- Sutshekhar Rasa- Yog Ratnakar
- Aasav
- Kanakasav- Bhaishajya Ratnavali
- Ghrita
- Tejovatyadya Ghrita- Bhaishajya Ratnavali
- Bhasma
- Abhrak- Ras Raj Sunder
- Raupya- Rasendra Saar Sangraha
- Shrung Bhrama- Ras Tarangini
- Suvarna Bhasma- Siddhayog Sangraha
- Moti Bhasma- Ras Tarangini & Rasendra Saar Sangraha
- Arishtha
- Draksharishtha- Bharat Bhaishajya Ratnakar
- Pishthi
- Praval Pishthi- Ayurved Saar Sangraha
- Moti Pishthi- Ayurved Saar Sangraha
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