In this concept the word
Bhaishajya means medicine and kalpana means forms hence the branch which
deals with the various forms of medicine such as syrups, juice, tablet,
powder etc. is named as Bhaisajya Kalpana.
Bhaisjya Kalpana importance
- It increases the potency of medicine by sanskar i.e. vishesh
gunantardhana (adding or generating special property)
- It makes the medicine durable
- It makes the medicine palatable.
- It removes the toxic effect of medicine by shodhana karm.
- As per the severity of the disease it helps the adjustment of
dosha
- It makes the medicine as per need of patient and disease.
Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana
Under Pancha vidha Kashaya Kalpana branch accoridng to ayurveda five
basic forms of medicine have been described. The word Kashaya denotes
two meaning:
- Distortion of the original shape of dravya during different
medical preparations
- It is used to remove disease
- Thereby in ayurveda dainty medicinal preparations are considered
as Kashaya Kalpana.
Yoni (sources) of Kashaya Kalpana
The five rasas (tastes) are the five yoni (source) of kashaya kalpana
i.e. Madhur, Amla, Katu, Tikta, Kashaya with the exception of Lavana
Rasa (salt taste) as its swarasa (juice) etc cannot be extracted from
it. There are five Kashaya Kalpana that are more efficient in potency
than the other ones:
- Swaras Kashaya Kalpana (juice)
- Kalka Kashaya Kalpana (jelly like)
- Kwatha Kashaya Kalpana (decoction)
- Shita Kashaya Kalpana (cold infusion)
- Phanta Kashaya Kalpana (infusion)
Swarasa Kalpana
Swarasa is the juice of it self and means the juice of the dravya hence
is said to be its swarasa.
Preparation
Crush the dravya properly and filter juice with the help of clean cotton
cloth.
When the plants give less quantity of swarasa by these methods then its
swarasa (juice) is extracted or prepared by putapaka method, which is as
follows:
In this process dravya is collected and its bunch is formed that is
covered by wet wheat dove. A layer of clay is formed over it and this
thing is kept in the fire. After it becomes red the shell or muda and
wheat flour is removed and swarasa (juice) is extracted either by
crushing or filtering.
If the case is of powdered dravya then it is thoroughly mixed with
water and then filtered to get juice. In this process the proportion of
water to be added is double from that of powder. Mixed preparation is
kept for 24hrs before getting filtered. Dosage - General dose of swarasa
is 2 tola (20gm approx).
Kalka
It is the crushed paste form of dravya.
Preparation
· Crush the dravya properly to make its paste. Dry powder or dry
things are mixed with water and then crushed to paste or Kalka Dosage
i.e. 1 tola (10gms approx)
Kwatha
When dravya are boiled in water and filtered.
Preparation
Crush the dravya thoroughly and mix it in appropriate water as per
requirement and then boiled in slow flame till reduce to half or one
fourth and then filter properly.
The quantity of water used is determined by the following rules
Four times more must be the water than the medicine for mridu (soft)
dravya
Eight times more must be the water than the medicine for madhya dravya
Sixteen times more must be the water than the medicine for Kathina
(hard) dravya
According the quantity of medicine
If the medicine is less than four tola (40gms approx) then add to 16
times the water.
If the quantity of medicine is 5 to 16 tola (50 to 160gms approx) then
add eight times water.
If the quantity of medicine is above 16 tola (160gms approx) then add
to 4 times water. Dosage - 4 tola (40gms approx)
Shita Kalpana
In this process hot water is added to the medicine and then it is kept
outside for 12 hours at night. The whole process is called Shita
Kalpana.
Preparation
To the powdered form of medicine six times water is added. The choice
of hot and cold water is up to the user. The mixer is now kept for 12hrs
at night in open place. In the morning medicine is ready for use.
Dosage - 4 tola (40gms approx.)
Phanta
This process involves the mixing of medicine in boiled water, then
covering it and keeping it to cool.
Preparation
Boil 16 tola (160gms approx) water, then add four tola (40gms approx)
powder form (not fine) of medicine in it. Keep the container for cooling
and use it in lukewarm (koshna) condition.
Dosage: 4 tola to 8 tola (40gms to 80gms approx)
