Atisar (Diarrhoea)
Introduction
The excessive elimination of watery stools from guda (anus) is known as
atisar. It is Aashukari, which means that it is not treated well in time
it results in severe dehydration that may prove fatal.
Hetu (causes)
- Drinking large quantity of water
- Eating emaciated & dry meat
- Unaccustomed foods
- Puddings of tila (sesame seeds)
- Sprouted grains
- Excess of wine
- Foods which are dry (non-fatty) & in large quantity
- From arshas (piles)
- Improper oleation therapy
- Worms
- Suppression of urges
Poorvarupa (premonitory symptoms)
- Pricking pain in the region of heart
- Rectum & alimentary tract
- Weakness of the body
- Constipation
- Flatulence & indigestion.
Classification
With respect to each Dosha separately:
- Vataja
- Pittaja
- Kaphaja From all of the doshas together
- Tridoshaja, one each from Bhayaja (fear) & Shokaj(grief).
Rupa (clinical features)
- Vataja Atisara
Feces are watery, very less in quantity, expelled out with noise,
severe pain & difficulty.
- Pittaja Atisara
Feces are yellow, black turmeric like (deep yellow) or algae like
(green) mixed with blood & foul smelling. Patient suffers from
excessive thirst, fainting, perspiration, burning sensation,
elimination of feces is accompanied with pain, burning sensation &
ulceration of the rectum.
- Kaphaja Atisara
Feces are solid, slimy, white, fatty, uncooked, mixed with Kapha
(mucus), frequent, heavy, foul smelling, accompanied with difficulty
of elimination & followed by pain. Patient feels sleepy, lazy,
dislikes food, has mild straining at stools (or tenesmus),
horripilation, nausea, feeling of heaviness of urinary bladder,
rectum & abdomen & feeling of non-elimination of feces
though actually eliminated.
- Tridoshaja Atisara
Has all the features simultaneously i.e. it is manifested with
symptoms of all doshas.
- Bhayaja & Shokaja Atisara
Vayu gets vitiated quickly by fear & anxiety. This diarrhea
caused by fear and anxiety are psychic & exogenous. The mind
disordered by fear causes increase of pitta & vayu which cause
the feces to become liquid & produce diarrhea, elimination is
quick, feces is warm, fluid like, floating (on water).
Treatment
- Langhana (fasting) is ideal at the commencement (of the disease)
even in that kind arising from vata (as well as in others).
- The patient of diarrhea, who is suffering from pain in the
abdomen, flatulence and excess of salivation should be made to vomit
(by using drugs).
- Purgation's and vomiting.
- When the doshas have given rise to flatulence, heaviness, pain
and loss of movement of the abdomen, then (the use of) pranada
(haritaki) restores life, by clearing out the obstructed doshas,
effectively.
- When the doshas are slightly increased, fasting is indicated.
Water well cooked with either vacha and prativisha, musta and
parpata or hrida and nagara should be given (in plenty) to drink.
- When weak hunger is felt patient should be given light foods, in
little quantity, at the proper time; that undergoes digestion
quickly and bestows taste, strength of digestive fire (digestive
juices & enzymes) and of the body.
Commonly used drugs
Decoction
- Vatsakadi Decoction (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
- Pathyadi Decoction (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
Churna
- Tryushanadi (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
- Shunthayadi (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
- Narayan (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
Avaleha
- Kutajavaleha (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
Bhasma
- Kapardik (Siddhayog Sangraha)
- Shankha (Siddhayog Sangraha)
Rasa
- Agastisutaraj Rasa (Yog Ratnakar)
- Kanaksundar Rasa (Yog Chintamani)
- Karpur Rasa (Ayurved Saar Sangraha)
- Piyushvalli (Siddha Yog Sangraha)
- Shankhodar (Yog Ratnakar)
Vati
- Kutaj Ghan Vati (Siddha Yog Sangraha)
- Jatiphaladi Vati (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
Parpati
- Panchamrut Parpati (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
- Vijay Parpati (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
- Rasa Parpati (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
Arishtha
- Kutajarishtha (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
- Baboolarishtha (Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
- Mustakarishtha (Bharat Bhaishajya Ratnavali)
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